102 lines
4 KiB
TeX
102 lines
4 KiB
TeX
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\chapter{Extracting Parts from a Multi-Instrument Score}\label{parts}
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From the typesetting viewpoint, the major characteristic of orchestral and
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chamber music is that the scores not only have several instruments, but
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variants of the same basic score are needed in which one of the instruments is
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highlighted while some others are typeset in smaller notes or are
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omitted.
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Of course, it must be possible to permute the highlighted instruments and
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the small-type instruments or
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omitted instruments, depending on the instrument to which the
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version of the score is dedicated.
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The following is the most general approach to part extraction when
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using \musixtex\ without \textbf{PMX} or \textbf{M-Tx} pre-processors. A
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simpler approach which will work for most purposes is described in Section~\ref{musixtnt}.
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\section{Coding rules}\label{CodingRules}
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To make a ``selectable'' orchestral score you must prepare the master score
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(i.e., the score with all instruments typed) as follows:
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\begin{enumerate}
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\item Avoid referring to instrument numbers with roman
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numerals. For example use \verb|\setclefs|~$n$ instead of
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\verb|\cleftoksiii=| .
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\item Introduce symbolic names for the instruments; for example, define:
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\begin{verbatim}
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\def\Piano{1}%
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\def\Flute{2}%
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\def\Oboe{3}%
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\def\Soprano{4}%
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\end{verbatim}
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and code, for example
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\smallskip
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\verb|\setstaffs\Piano2| rather than \verb|\setstaffs12|.
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\item If, initially, the Piano is the instrument number 1, replace all
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\verb|\notes|, \verb|\Notes|, \verb|\NOtes|, etc., with
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\verb|\notes\selectinstrument\Piano|, \verb|\Notes\selectinstrument\Piano|,
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\verb|\NOtes\selectinstrument\Piano|, etc.
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\item Instead of using \verb|&| or \verb|\nextinstrument| to move to
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instrument $n+1$, use \verb|\selectinstrument\Flute| and similar instead.
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\end{enumerate}
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For example,
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\begin{verbatim}
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\Notes\selectinstrument\Piano ... | ...
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\selectinstrument\Flute ...
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\selectinstrument\Oboe ...
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\selectinstrument\Soprano ... \en
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\end{verbatim}
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With this coding, difficult things such as putting the Flute above the Oboe
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are done easily: just say \verb|\def\Flute{3}| and \verb|\def\Oboe{2}|.
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\section{Selecting, hiding or putting instruments in the background}
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To put, for example, the Flute and the Oboe in the background, i.e., typesetting
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them in small notes, state at the beginning:
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\begin{quote}
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\verb|\setsize\Flute\tinyvalue\setsize\Oboe\tinyvalue|
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\end{quote}
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where the value \keyindex{tinyvalue} for \keyindex{setsize} corresponds to notes and staffs
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of size \keyindex{tinynotesize}.
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If, instead of putting an instrument in the background, one wants to omit it,
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this is done by:
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\begin{quote}
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\verb|\setstaffs\Flute{0}\setstaffs\Oboe{0}|
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\end{quote}
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since nothing is typeset for
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instruments having \emph{zero} staffs (not to be confused with one-line staffs such
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as percussions).
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\section{Recommendations}
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\begin{itemize}
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\item When hiding instruments, reduce
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\keyindex{instrumentnumber} by the number of hidden instruments; otherwise
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bars and leading braces will enclose the position of these dummy arguments,
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which would be ugly.
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\item Exchange the actual instrument numbers so that hidden instruments have
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numbers \emph{greater} than the value of \verb|\instrumentnumber|.
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Hidden instruments with numbers
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less than \verb|\instrumentnumber| will cause an excess of vertical
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space at their phantom positions; this is not
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recommended.
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\item In hidden instruments, rests no longer behave like \verb|\hbox{...}| and
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\verb|raise|-ing them will result in an error.
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\item In hidden instruments, explicit \verb|\hbox|es will remain as empty
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boxes, thus causing abnormal vertical spacings between instruments. Therefore,
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anything suspect should be made conditional with:
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\begin{quote}
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\keyindex{ifactiveinstrument}\ \textit{code to be omitted if instrument is hidden}\ \verb|\fi|
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\end{quote}
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Most \musixtex{} commands become properly hidden if requested. But
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problematic
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parts of code can nonetheless be protected with \verb|\ifactiveinstrument|.
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\end{itemize}
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